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Monday, 2025.10.27, 21:41 |
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Jewelry Glossary
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The Gypsy setting is predominantly used for men's jewelry. The band is
one continuous piece that gets thicker at the top. The top is dome
shaped and the stone is inserted in the middle.
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Resistance a material offers to scratching or abrasion. Generally measured using the MOHS scale.
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A chain with small, slanting links that appear flat.
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This setting is more intricate than others in that it surrounds the stone to make it appear larger.
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"Internal characteristics" apparent to a trained or professional eye at
10x magnification. Inclusions can be bubbles, crystals, carbon spots,
feathers, clouds, pinpoints, or other impurities, or even cracks and
abrasions. They are what make a diamond so unique, as a fingerprint
does for a person.
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The placing of material into the surface of another.
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The fineness of gold (also see "carat," used for gemstones). 24K is
pure gold. 18K is 18 parts gold, 6 parts other metals. 14K is 14 parts
gold, 10 parts other metals. 12K is 12 parts gold, 12 parts other
metals. 10K is 10 parts gold, 14 parts other metals.
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Long-strand, open-ended necklace usually looped in a knot or used with a slide so the two ends hang free.
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Colorless, transparent glass resembling rock crystal. Must be 10% lead to be considered crystal.
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An interlocking catch with a spring mechanism and a safety lock.
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Any small magnifying glass mounted for hand use, to hold up to the eye socket or attach to a pair of glasses.
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The hue and depth of reflection from pearls, opals or other opaque stones.
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A double-pointed, boat-shaped stone that is long and thin with gently
curved sides coming to a point on either end. Marquise is part of the
brilliant-cut family; ideally cut it has 58 facets.
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Used to describe a chain or single strand of pearls or beads that is 20" to 24" long.
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Small, usually round diamonds less than .10 carats in size.
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Fabric-like chain woven from very fine wire.
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This cut has both step-cut and brilliant-cut facets. Mixed cuts combine
the beauty of the emerald cut with the sparkle of the brilliant cut.
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A scale of hardness with numbers from one to ten assigned to ten minerals of increasing hardness from talc to diamonds.
MOHS Rating
| Gemstone
| Mineral Group
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| 10
| Diamond
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| Ruby, Sapphire
| Corundum
| 8
| Topaz
| Topaz
| 7.5
| Emerald | Beryl
| 7.5
| Aquamarine
| Beryl
| 7
| Amethyst
| Quartz
| 6.5
| Peridot
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| 5.5-6.5
| Opal
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| Onyx
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The gem trade standard for hardness. The higher the Mohs Scale number,
the harder the stone. The highest Mohs Scale rating is 10 (diamonds).
Any piece of jewelry with a Mohs Scale rating of less than 7 is easily
scratched (coral, opal, pearl, turquoise).
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A diamond characteristic that is part of the surface of a polished
diamond that was not cut or polished during the cutting process.
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Rubies, emeralds, amethysts and others that occur naturally in the earth.
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This technique is commonly used on emeralds. The purpose of this
technique is for the oil to fill the fine cracks that weaken the green
color. The oil fills the cracks making them "disappear" and thereby
improving the color.
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Flat chain with a solid surface formed by the links.
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A human-made opalized glass resin that is fused with metal to create an opalescent effect.
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Used to describe a chain or single strand of pearls or beads that is 28" to 30" long.
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Darkening the surface of metal by chemical or heat application.
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A type of setting where a number of small stones are set together. It literally means paved with diamonds.
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Bottom portion of the stone, under the girdle, measuring to the culet.
It is the area below the girdle consisting of 23 facets in the
round-brilliant-cut diamond.
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Term used to describe any diamond whose girdle outline resembles a pear shape. Ideally cut pear shapes have 58 facets.
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An inclusion within a diamond. A gathering of pinpoints is called a
"cluster" or "cloud." A cloud or cluster can appear as a hazy area in
the diamond, a pinpoint appears as a dot.
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Term meaning one-hundredth of a carat, approximately the size of one-half a grain of sand.
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